Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease Diagnosis: From Early Detection to Precise Evaluation

 Long-term illness that is characterized by aging of the kidney function with time is commonly referred to as chronic kidney disease. The kidneys play an essential function in removing waste and fluids that are excessive from the blood, as well as regulating blood pressure, and maintaining the electrolyte balance in the body. When kidneys are injured or weak and their capability to fulfill this function is affected.

There are many causes of CKD:

  1. Diabetes: The uncontrolled condition of diabetes is the main cause of the condition. Blood sugar levels that are high can cause damage to blood vessels within the kidneys.

  1. Hypertension: High blood pressure strain the kidneys' blood vessels and leads to CKD.

  2. Glomerulonephritis: The condition causes irritation of the kidney's filtering units (glomeruli). It is caused due to diseases of the immune system, infections, or even genetic causes.

  3. Polycystic Kidney Disease(PKD): It is a Genetic disease that causes fluid-filled cysts to form in the kidneys. They cause progressive expansion and eventual loss of functioning.

  4. Other conditions: Including autoimmune disease, kidney diseases, obstructions of the urinary tract, or prolonged usage of medications, may be contributing factors to CKD.

They are identified through the symptoms listed below:

  1. Insomnia and fatigue

  2. The swelling can be felt in the ankles either in the legs or feet

  3. The urination frequency may be decreased or increased.

  4. Urine that is dark or foamy

  5. Itching that is persistent

  6. Poor appetite

  7. Nausea and vomiting

  8. A problem with concentrating

  9. Problems with sleeping

  10. Muscle tightness

If you notice these signs then you should seek a chronic kidney disease diagnosis which will typically involve different tests recommended by the kidney specialist such as blood tests to determine the kidney's function, urine tests that look for proteins and irregularities, and testing with imaging (such as the ultrasound test as well as CT scan) to assess the kidney's structure. If there are any signs of abnormality, you should seek treatment for it.


Kidney problems treatment seeks to slow the development of the illness as well as manage the symptoms and avoid complications. Based on the stage of the disease and the root causes, the treatment options could consist of:

  1. Treatments for blood pressure, and to manage problems.

  2. Treatments for specific signs such as anemia, high cholesterol, or bone diseases.

  3. Lifestyle changes that reduce consumption of protein, salt as well as certain minerals.

  4. Fluid restriction, if necessary.

  5. Stopping smoking cigarettes and restricting the amount of alcohol consumed.

  6. Regular physical activity and keeping a healthy weight.

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